MUSCULOSKELETAL

OSTEOARTHRITIS

Species affected: Cats, Dogs
Background: After a joint becomes arthritic and the inflammation chronic, the body attempts to ameliorate the situation by laying down calcium deposits on the ends of the bones that form the articulation as well as the soft tissue of the joint capsule.
Symptoms: Pain, stiffness, decreased range of motion leading to calcified deposits in some of the joints.
Diagnostics: Physical examination radiographs; physical examination of bony growths can be palpable; crepitus can be felt within the joint. The mineral deposits are also readily visible radiographically or with ultrasound evaluation.
Special Notes: Decreased liver function and "leaky bowel" syndrome can increase likelihood of developing arthritis in sensitive individuals.
Principles for Supplementation: Improve the health of the joint fluid and reduce inflammation and pain.

CANINE AND FELINE PRODUCTS—OSTEOARTHRITIS

Formulas:	Dosage:	Mechanism/Purpose:
Arthroplex12	Cats: 1 capsule sid Dogs: 1 capsule/25 lb bid	Anti-inflammatory activity; multi-nutrient source of glycosaminoglycans, including glucosamine; decreases pain; supports production of collagen.
Calcium-Magnesium Citramate12	Dogs: ¼ capsule/25 lb bid	Use in addition to a pure calcium or calcium/phosphorus supplement; metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, catalyst for many enzymes, required for ATP production.
Canine Geriatric Basics12	Dogs: 1 capsule/25 lb	General nutritional support.
Copper Citrate12	Cats: ½ capsule sid Dogs: ½ capsule/25 lb sid	Important for metabolism of collagen and elastin, component of superoxide dismutase; be sure copper deficiency is the problem as excess copper is toxic; discontinue product when signs are gone and food quality is improved.
CurcuVET-SA5012	Cats: ½ capsule sid Dogs: 1 capsule/25 lb sid	Curcumin has ant-inflammatory properties, hepatoprotective effects, increases glutathione levels, down-regulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), NO, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-?B), decreases free radicals in colonic mucosa.
CurcuVET-SA15012	Dogs: 1 capsule/ 75 lb sid	Curcumin has ant-inflammatory properties, hepatoprotective effects, increases glutathione levels, down-regulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), NO, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-?B), decreases free radicals in colonic mucosa.
DL-Phenylalanine12	Cats: ¼ capsule sid Dogs: ½ capsule/25 lb sid	Increases systemic endorphin levels.
Glucosamine & Chondroitin12	Cats: ¼ capsule, sid Dogs: ½ capsule/25 lb sid	This combination stimulates the production of cartilage cells while inhibiting destructive enzymatic action on those cells.
Glucosamine Sulfate12	Cats: ¼ capsule sid Dogs: ½ capsule/25 lb sid	Provides source for glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans for improving joint function.
Glycoflex II8	Dogs: as directed by weight	Anti-inflammatory; nutrients for cartilage formation.
Glycoflex II Double Strength8	Dogs: as directed by weight	Anti-inflammatory; nutrients for cartilage formation.
Glycoflex II for Cats8	Cats: as directed by weight	Anti-inflammatory; nutrients for cartilage formation.
Joint-Ease™27	1 capsule per 20 lb bid or 1 scoop per 20 lb bid	Supports normal joint mobility and healthy joint function.
Mobility 223	Cats: ¼-½ tablet, bid Dogs: ½-2 tablets bid or tid	Dispels wind Damp.
PhytoprofenVET12	Cats: ½ capsule bid Dogs: 1 capsule/25 lb sid	Anti-inflammatory.
Small Animal Antioxidant12	Cats: 1 capsule sid Dogs: 2 capsules/25 lb sid	Antioxidant with nutraceuticals and plant-based flavonoids.